Atalahy, A.M., F. Rakotonasolo, M. Rabarimanarivo, H.L.T. Ranarijaona & S.G. Razafimandimbison (2021). New species of the genus Pyrostria (Rubiaceae, Vanguerieae) from Madagascar. Candollea 76: 1–12. In French, English and French abstracts.

In the course of a taxonomic revision of the genus Pyrostria Comm. ex Juss. (Rubiaceae, Vanguerieae) in Madagascar, we describe five new species endemic from the Island: Pyrostria ambohitantelensis Atalahy, Rakotonas. & Razafim., Pyrostria ambrensis Atalahy, Rakotonas. & Razafim., Pyrostria betsomangensis Atalahy, Rakotonas. & Razafim., Pyrostria coriacea Atalahy, Rakotonas. & Razafim. and Pyrostria longicorollata Atalahy, Rakotonas. & Razafim. Each new species is provided with line drawings, a discussion on its morphological affinities and a risk of extinction assessment based on the IUCN Red List criteria.

Gardère, M.L., J. Florence, S. Muller, Y. Savriama & J.-Y. Dubuisson (2021). Codonographia Gorgonum, or the description of a pleiad of bellflowers (Campanula, Campanulaceae) from the Cabo Verde archipelago. Candollea 76: 13–40. In English, English and Portuguese abstracts.

The previous taxonomic study of Cabo Verdean bellflowers (Campanula L., Campanulaceae) recognized four endemic species. In light of a recently published geometric morphometric study, the reassessment of the Campanula jacobaea complex allows to restrict Campanula jacobaea C. Sm. ex Webb to the island of Santiago. A new lectotype is proposed for this name that conforms to the protologue. Three further new species are described: Campanula monteverdensis Gardère from São Vicente, Campanula fransinea Gardère and Campanula cochleromena from São Nicolau, and Campanula vicinituba Gardère from Santo Antão. Campanula hortelensis Gardère, also from Santo Antão is placed in synonym of Campanula feijoana Gardère. Seven species are recognized in the Cabo Verde archipelago including Campanula bravensis (Bolle) A. Chev., the most widespread bellflower occurring in all southern mountainous islands. A determination key, descriptions, photographs and a distribution map are provided.

Gradstein, S.R. & Á.J. Pérez (2021). In the footsteps of Michel Allioni: Liverworts and hornworts from the surroundings of Gualaquiza (Ecuador). Candollea 76: 41–54. In English, English and Spanish abstracts.

The liverwort and hornwort flora of Ecuador is still very incompletely known. We report three species new to Ecuador (Lejeunea rionegrensis Steph., Notothylas javanica (Sande Lac.) Gottsche, Riccia vitalii Jov.-Ast) and 38 new to the province of Morona Santiago based on our fieldwork in the surroundings of Gualaquiza, Morona Santiago, in 2019. The bryophyte flora of this area was explored in the early 20th century by the Italian missionary and naturalist Michel Allioni. A brief eulogy of the life and work of Michel Allioni is presented together with a revision of the species described by Stephani based on Allioni's Ecuadorian collections. Almost all of them are synonyms. Sixteen new synonyms and seven new lectotypifications are proposed.

Mosyakin, S.L. & J.R. Brock (2021). On the proper type designation for Camelina microcarpa, a wild relative and possible progenitor of the crop species C. sativa (Brassicaceae). In English, English abstract. Candollea 76: 55–63.

The proper type designation of the name Camelina microcarpa Andrz. ex DC. (Brassicaceae) is discussed. This taxon is currently considered to be a wild relative and possible progenitor of the oilseed crop Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, and thus the proper typification of the name C. microcarpa is important for further germplasm research and improvement of the crop species. At present, several (at least four) specimens deposited in herbaria G-DC, KW, and LE, are listed in literature and/or annotated in herbaria or online databases as the type (holotype or lectotype) of C. microcarpa. The original material deposited in G-DC [G00203789] is accepted here as the holotype of C. microcarpa because it appears to be the only original element used by Candolle when preparing his description of the new taxon. Isotypes from the Besser herbarium at the National Herbarium of Ukraine in Kyiv (KW-BESS) are discussed and illustrated. It is concluded that the holotype from G-DC and two well-preserved isotypes from KW-BESS [KW001003103, KW001003104] are sufficient for precise morphology-based application of the name C. microcarpa. Our analysis provided evidence that original material was collected by Andrzejowski no later than 1818 in the Podolian Governorate of the former Russian Empire, most probably in the eastern part of Moldova or adjacent southwestern parts of Ukraine, along the Dnister (Nistru, Dniester) River between the present-day town of Camenca (Kamenka) and the confluence of the Dnister and Yagorlyk (Iagorlîc) rivers, probably on limestone outcrops. It means that the type of C. microcarpa may belong to the southern Ukrainian populations, which are genetically different from northern and central Ukrainian ones; however, further field and molecular studies are needed because more than one genotype may in fact occur in that area.

Received: August 7, 2020; Accepted: November 26, 2020; First published online: February 1, 2021

Pignal, M., C. Laudereau & P.-L. Laudereau (2021). Notes on Bulbophyllum sect. Pelma (Orchidaceae) in New Caledonia. Candollea 76: 65–70. In French, English and French abstracts.

A contribution to our knowledge of Bulbophyllum sect. Pelma (Finet) Schltr. (Orchidaceae) from the New Caledonian archipelago is provided. Bulbophyllum savaiense Schltr. is recorded for the first time on Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia. The taxon is known from a single locality in the Amoa Valley. A lectotype is designated for Bulbophyllum neocaledonicum Schltr., a synonym of Bulbophyllum absconditum J.J. Sm. An identification key for the New Caledonian species of the section is provided. IUCN risk of extinction assessments of the two taxa are discussed.

Murillo-Serna, J.S., F.J. Roldán-Palacio, I. Carmona-Gallego & F. Alzate (2021). A new species of Aetanthus (Loranthaceae) from Colombia with notes on A. engelsii. Candollea 76: 71–76. In English, English and Spanish abstracts.

Aetanthus alternifolius F.J. Roldán, Carmona, Alzate & J.S. Murillo (Loranthaceae) is newly described and illustrated from the department of Santander in northeastern Colombia. This new mistletoe species, known only from the type locality, is discriminate by its indeterminate shoots, alternate or subopposite, obovate leaves, cymose inflorescences bearing three dyads, flower buds c. 9 cm long, with a finely toothed and sometimes fissured calyculus. Its morphological affinities are discussed especially in relation to A. colombianus A.C. Smith and A. coriaceus Patsch. The rediscovery of original material in P of the poorly known Phyllostephanus engelsii Tiegh. (≡ Aetanthus engelsii (Tiegh.) Engl.) is discussed. An emended description is provided and a lectotype is designated. An identification key to the ten species of Aetanthus (Eichler) Engl. occurring in Colombia is also presented.

Rätzel, S., R. Hand, C.S. Christodoulou & H. Uhlich (2021). Phelipanche chionistrae (Orobanchaceae): a new holoparasitic species from Cyprus. Candollea 76: 77–82. In English, English abstract.

The new species Phelipanche chionistrae Rätzel, Hand, Christodoulou & Uhlich (Orobanchaceae) is described from Chionistra, the highest summit of the Troodos range in Cyprus. Morphological data strongly suggest affinities to the Phelipanche rosmarina complex, predominantly West Mediterranean taxa, and Phelipanche olbiensis (Coss.) Carlón et al. The new taxon can be distinguished by a combination of characters such as general colouration, structure of calyx and type of indumentum. Also, it has a different ecology being restricted to a high-montane serpentinophytic coenosis. Currently, only a few populations of the taxon, which is a parasite mainly on the Cypriot endemic Alyssum troodi Boiss. (and possibly other serpentinophilous species), are known. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria it should be assessed as “Near Threatened”.

Received: May 20, 2020; Accepted: December 4, 2020; First published online: February 1, 2021

Delprete, P.G., C.M. Taylor & T.D. McDowell (2021). The identity of the long-overlooked Ronabea morindoides and Patabea tenuiflora, synonymous with a species of Appunia (Rubiaceae). Candollea 76: 83–92. In English, English abstract.

The identity of Ronabea morindoides A. Rich. has long been unclear and is here investigated. Two sheets of original material corresponding to this name are deposited in the General Herbarium of the National Museum of Natural History of Paris (P), and represent a mixed collection; one part of this material corresponds better with the description of this taxon and is more unambiguously identifiable, and is here designated the lectotype. With this typification, Ronabea morindoides represents a species of Appunia Hook. f. The identity of Patabea tenuiflora DC. has also remained uncertain since its description and is here clarified by studying the holotype in the Candolle Herbarium (G-DC); this is an additional synonym of R. morindoides. Taxonomic review of this group in the Guianas also finds that Ronabea morindoides is an older name for Appunia brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm. and Appunia surinamensis Bremek. (Morindeae). Therefore, the new combination Appunia morindoides (A. Rich.) Delprete, C.M. Taylor & T. McDowell is here published.

Received: August 15, 2020; Accepted: December 1, 2020; First published online: February 1, 2021

Dowe, J.L. & D.R. Hodel (2021). Taxonomy and nomenclature of four unresolved names published by Udo Dammer in the genus Chamaedorea (Arecaceae). Candollea 76: 93–98. In English, English abstract.

In 1905, Udo Dammer published an account of Chamaedorea Willd. based on the unpublished manuscripts of his friend and mentor Hermann Wendland who had died in 1903. Dammer introduced numerous novel names, most of which were nomenclaturally valid. However, a few names have remained unresolved. We investigated the nomenclatural status of four names – Chamaedorea exorrhiza H. Wendl. ex Dammer, Chamaedorea galeottiana H. Wendl. ex Dammer, Chamaedorea homomalla H. Wendl. ex Dammer and Chamaedorea inaequilateralis H. Wendl. ex Dammer. We determined that they are validly published but are synonyms of earlier described species. Three new synonyms are proposed and we designate four lectotypes from specimens at GOET.

Received: September 10, 2020; Accepted: February 8, 2021; First published online: March 22, 2021

Robert, Y., H. Thomas, J.M. Tamon & G. Rouhan (2021). Discovery in La Reunion Island of Elaphoglossum multisquamosum (Dryopteridaceae), known so far as endemic to Madagascar. Candollea 76: 99–104. In French, English and French abstracts.

A species of the fern genus Elaphoglossum Schott ex J. Sm. (Dryopteridaceae) has been discovered in La Réunion. It is ascribed to Elaphoglossum multisquamosum Bonap., described and known so far as endemic to Madagascar. Taking advantage of this new record, Elaphoglossum multisquamosum is reinstated as a species distinct from the Malagasy endemic Elaphoglossum poolii (Baker) Christ. Morphologically close to Elaphoglossum poolii that is often observed in sympatry in Madagascar, Elaphoglossum multisquamosum has often been treated as a variety of Elaphoglossum poolii or even placed in synonymy of the latter species. We provide a novel, fully detailed description of Elaphoglossum multisquamosum, all critical characters supporting it as distinct from Elaphoglossum poolii, and a comparative map of distribution for the two species in Madagascar and La Réunion. Finally, the name Elaphoglossum multisquamosum is lectotypified.

Kainulainen, K. (2021). A taxonomic revision of Melanoxerus (Rubiaceae), with descriptions of three new species of trees from Madagascar. Candollea 76: 105–116. In English, English and French abstracts.

This paper provides a taxonomic revision of Melanoxerus Kainul. & Bremer (Rubiaceae) – a genus of deciduous trees with eye-catching flowers and fruits that is endemic to Madagascar. Descriptions of three new species, Melanoxerus antsirananensis Kainul., Melanoxerus atropurpureus Kainul., and Melanoxerus maritimus Kainul. are presented along with distribution maps and a species identification key. The species distributions generally reflect the ecoregions of Madagascar, with Melanoxerus antsirananensis being found in the dry deciduous forests of the north; Melanoxerus atropurpureus in the inland dry deciduous forests of the west; Melanoxerus maritimus in dry deciduous forest on coastal sands; and Melanoxerus suavissimus (Homolle ex Cavaco) Kainul. & B. Bremer in the dry spiny thicket and succulent woodlands of the southwest.

Klein, D.-P., R. Shtein, L. Nusbaumer & M.W. Callmander (2021). Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), a new species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea 76: 117–123. In English, English and French abstracts.

A new species of small, rosulate and upright-flowered Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae) from northeastern Madagascar is described and illustrated: Kalanchoe darainensis D.-P. Klein & Callm. Morphologically, Kalanchoe darainensis is most similar to Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelln. and Kalanchoe globulifera H. Perrier which are known from the northwestern Tsaratanana Massif, c. 100 km southwest of Daraina. Detailed notes on the habitat and ecology of Kalanchoe darainensis are provided, as well as a short taxonomical overview of allied species of the Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe from Madagascar, including an identification key to those species. Despite its restricted distribution in the protected Antsahabe massif, the new species is preliminary assessed as “Least concern” [LC] using the IUCN Red List Criteria.

Figueiredo, E. & G.F. Smith (2021). Joaquim José da Silva (c. 1755–1810): his life, natural history collecting activities, and involvement in the so-called first scientific expedition in the interior of Angola. Candollea 76: 125–138. In English, English abstract.

The Portuguese naturalist Joaquim José da Silva (c. 1755–1810) was sent to Angola in the late 18^th century to collect natural history specimens, as part of the “viagens philosophicas”, a series of expeditions funded by the Portuguese state to its overseas territories. Silva arrived in Angola in 1783 and remained in the country until his death 27 years later. An account of Silva's life and activities is provided. His travel itineraries in Angola are mapped and a list of his collections that could be located is presented. The little-known expedition to the Cunene River in which he participated is discussed. It was the first expedition to the interior of Angola during which plants were collected for deposition in a herbarium. His plant collections are recorded in the literature as numbering over 200 specimens that are held in the Herbarium of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris (P), after they were removed from Lisbon, Portugal, by Étienne Geoffroy St. Hilaire (1772–1844) during the Napoleonic War, in 1808. The Silva collections served as original material for describing at least 24 names. However, the Silva specimens at P lack collector's name and date and are difficult to trace. Only about 20% of these collections have been located in P.

Received: January 15, 2021; Accepted: February 10, 2021; First published online: May 20, 2021

Resmi, S., S. Nampy & P.F. Akshatra (2021). Sonerila konkanensis (Melastomataceae), a new species from South Goa, India. Candollea 76: 139–143. In English, English abstract.

A new tuberous species of Sonerila Roxb. (Melastomataceae, Sonerileae) from Chandreshwar hills, South Goa is described in the course of a taxonomic revision of the genus in India. Sonerila konkanensis Resmi & Nampy is similar to Sonerila talbotii G.S. Giri & M.P. Nayar and Sonerila sreenarayaniana Sunil et al. but differs in several characters that are detailed in the morphological discussion presented herein. The status of the new taxon is assessed as “Vulnerable” according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. We also provide explanatory images of living plants as well as SEM images of pollen grains and seeds and information concerning the habitat.

Received: August 29, 2020; Accepted: March 15, 2021; First published online: May 20, 2021

Lack, H.W., K. Böhme & M.W. Callmander (2021). Augustin-Pyramus de Candolle's L'Heritier Reliquiae: A volume of miscellaneous prints in Geneva. Candollea 76: 145–165. In English, English abstract.

A bound volume of miscellaneous prints previously owned by Augustin-Pyramus de Candolle and today kept in the library of the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques in Geneva is analysed. It consists of six very rare leaflets published by Charles-Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle and of several finished and unfinished engravings almost exclusively based on drawings by Pierre-Joseph Redouté. A considerable proportion of these unfinished engravings can be correlated with finished engravings kept in a volume of prints in the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, which is all that was published of the last two fascicles of L'Héritier's incomplete Stirpes novae. Notes on the taxonomy and nomenclature of the genera Buchozia L'Hér. (Rubiaceae), Hymenopappus L'Hér. (Asteraceae), Louichea L'Hér. (Caryophyllaceae), Michauxia L'Hér. (Campanulaceae) and Virgilia L'Hér. (Asteraceae) are included and their respective type species clarified. Lectotypes are designated for four names and the new combination Buchozia japonica (Thunb.) Callm. is provided. Furthermore, the complex historical background of the leaflets and the miscellaneous engravings is explained and set into the context of plant taxonomy in Paris during the two final decades of the eighteenth century.

Received: January 31, 2021; Accepted: March 22, 2021; First published online: May 20, 2021