Glochidial morphology of two unionid species of the genus Schistodesmus Simpson, 1900 from Lake Poyang (China), Schistodesmus lampreyanus (Baird and Adams, 1867) and S. spinosus Simpson, 1900 were studied for the first time under light and scanning electron microscopy. Glochidial characters, including shape, size, hook, sensory hair tufts and exterior minute sculpture, are presented and compared with some allied species for the identification of glochidia. Schistodesmus has small and ovate subtriangular glochidia with styliform hook. Glochidia of the two species of Schistodesmus Simpson, 1900 differed from each other in relative abundance of microstylets and micropoints, and valve sculpture.