The bias in fossil sampling impacts how we understand the macroevolution of life. Past research has explored the bias triggered by socioeconomic elements as well as geological and paleoclimatic factors, but there is a gap in our knowledge on how the modern climate and vegetation may impact fossil sampling. Here, an assessment has been conducted to study the relationship between the modern climate and fossil sampling biases. The Paleobiology Database (PBDB), WorldClim, and Maximum Green Vegetation Fraction (MGVF) datasets have been utilized to analyze the potential impacts of contemporary climatic variables (temperature, precipitation, and wind speed) and vegetation coverages on fossil sampling. Results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov and chi-squared tests indicate that the distributions of fossil sampling localities across modern climatic variables and vegetation coverage are different from the expected ones assuming these variables do not impact the fossil sampling. These results suggest that a portion of the spatial heterogeneity in fossil sampling rates could be explained by modern climate and the vegetation cover, with temperature being the most dominant potential factor. This study also found that highly productive localities are more likely to be distributed in regions with higher temperatures and more precipitation, and that the temperature range in which a higher concentration of fossil sampling has slightly broadened after 2000.