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1 December 2012 Tropical rain-forest matrix quality affects bat assemblage structure in secondary forest patches
Ivar Vleut, Samuel I. Levy-Tacher, Jorge Galindo-González, Willem F. de Boer, Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial
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Abstract

We studied Phyllostomidae bat assemblage structure in patches of secondary forest dominated by the pioneer tree Ochroma pyramidale, largely (>85%) or partially (<35%) surrounded by a matrix of tropical rain forest, to test 3 hypotheses: the highest bat diversity and richness is observed in the matrix rain forest in comparison to secondary forest patches; the proportion of rain forest surrounding secondary forest positively affects bat diversity and richness; and canopy openness is an important structural variable negatively affecting bat abundance. Rain-forest control sites had the highest bat species diversity and richness, and contributed more to total diversity than did secondary forest. Bat diversity was similar between secondary forest patches largely enclosed by rain forest and their controls, but higher diversity, richness, and contribution to total diversity were recorded in largely enclosed patches compared to partially enclosed patches. Partially enclosed patches were dominated by 2 small, frugivorous understory bat species (Carollia sowelli and Carollia perspicillata), whereas largely enclosed patches were dominated by 2 large-bodied, canopy-dwelling, frugivorous bats (Artibeus lituratus and Artibeus jamaicensis), which primarily feed on figs, a tree species that is abundant in rain forest. Bat diversity, richness, and contribution to total diversity were positively correlated with the proportion of area with rain forest, and bat abundance was negatively correlated with canopy openness.

Estudiamos el ensamble de murciélagos de la familia Phyllostomidae en parches de vegetación secundaria dominada por árboles pioneros de Ochroma pyramidale (Malvaceae) en dos condiciones de vegetación circundante, aquellos mayormente rodeados por una matriz de bosque tropical (>85%), y los rodeados parcialmente (<35%). Se testearon 3 hipótesis: la matriz de bosque tropical que rodea parches de vegetación secundaria presenta una mayor diversidad y riqueza de murciélagos en comparación con la vegetación secundaria; la proporción de bosque tropical que rodea a la vegetación secundaria favorece la diversidad, riqueza y abundancia de murciélagos sensibles al disturbio; y el incremento en la apertura del dosel disminuye la abundancia de murciélagos. Los sitios de control de bosque tropical, presentaron la mayor diversidad y riqueza de murciélagos y contribuyeron mayormente a la diversidad total. En los parches de vegetación secundaria mayormente rodeados de bosque tropical se encontró que la diversidad de murciélagos fue similar a las áreas de control de bosque tropical. Sin embargo, los parches de vegetación secundaria mayormente rodeados por bosque tropical presentaron mayor diversidad y riqueza de murciélagos y contribuyeron a la diversidad total en comparación con parches de vegetación secundaria parcialmente rodeados por bosque tropical. Los parches de vegetación secundaria parcialmente rodeados por bosque tropical, estuvieron dominados por 2 especies murciélagos frugívoros pequeños característicos de la vegetación secundaria (Carollia sowelli y Carollia perspicillata) mientras que los parches mayormente rodeados por bosque estuvieron dominados por 2 especies de murciélagos frugívoros grandes (Artibeus lituratus y Artibeus jamaicensis), típicos de vegetación madura que se alimentan principalmente de higos (Ficus spp.), un árbol abundante del bosque tropical. La diversidad, riqueza y la contribución total a la diversidad estuv

Ivar Vleut, Samuel I. Levy-Tacher, Jorge Galindo-González, Willem F. de Boer, and Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial "Tropical rain-forest matrix quality affects bat assemblage structure in secondary forest patches," Journal of Mammalogy 93(6), 1469-1479, (1 December 2012). https://doi.org/10.1644/12-MAMM-A-005.1
Received: 6 January 2012; Accepted: 1 May 2012; Published: 1 December 2012
KEYWORDS
Chiroptera
matrix habitat
Ochroma pyramidale
Phyllostomidae
slash and burn
spatial configuration
vegetation structure
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