A new species of roughy in the genus Hoplostethus is described from a single specimen collected at depths of 648 to 660 m just east of the Calagua Islands off the east coast of Luzon Island, Philippines. It is characterized by extremely thick fin spines (greatest width of dorsal fin spines 17.4% to 23.1% of spine length; width of spines on pelvic fin 12.9% to 14.2% of spine length; width of anal fin spines 24.4% to 34.2% of spine length), lack of black pigment in the spinous portion of the dorsal fin, and a unique combination of counts and morphometric characters (56 digitiform pyloric caeca, 13 enlarged ventral scutes, ventral fin origin to anal fin origin 38.7% of standard length).