Broughton, D. A. (Falklands Conservation, PO Box 26, Stanley, Falkland Islands) and J. H. McAdam (Department of Applied Plant Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX, UK). A Checklist Of The Vascular Flora Of The Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 115–148. 2005.—This paper provides the first comprehensive, updated account of the Falkland Islands native flora for nearly forty years. 171 species are recognised, thirteen of which are endemic. Seven native species are included in the checklist for the first time: Arachnitis quetrihuensis Dimitri, Carex banksii Boott, Carex barrosii Nelmes, Elatine sp., Plantago moorei Rahn, Ruppia filifolia (Phil.) Skottsb. and Viola magellanica Forst. f. The presence of Rumex magellanicus Campd., a record previously considered doubtful, is also confirmed. Three previously reported native species are believed to have been recorded in error for the Falkland Islands, and are removed. These are, Eleocharis albibracteata Nees & Meyen ex Kunth, Plantago maritima L. and Schizaea fistulosa Labill. The checklist provides the first detailed account of the ecology, phenology, distribution and status of the vascular plant flora, and as such is a unique record of the Falkland Islands flora at the beginning of a period of unprecedented economic and social change.