We report the diet and the fate of seeds ingested by a family group of Salvin's Curassow (Mitu salvini) in Colombian Amazon. The study group consumed 123 plant species from 41 families. Of these, 106 species provided fruits, 21 seeds, 7 cotyledons, 19 flowers, and 9 leaves. Many species of invertebrates and vertebrates were also consumed. During the 14 months about 70% of the diet of each individual was composed of fruits. However, there was considerable temporal variation in diet composition and fruits were not always the most exploited item. Salvin's Curassow acts mainly as a seed predator (67% of the species eaten) on seeds longer than 5 mm but as a seed disperser (28% of the species eaten) for seeds shorter than 5 mm long, which were only rarely and opportunistically exploited. The remaining fruits eaten (5% of the species consumed) were neither dispersed nor predated. As a result of our study, we propose that Salvin's Curassows are mainly seed predators because most seeds ingested by the study group were preyed upon, and seed size was critical in determining seed fate.