Paleobiology
Published by: The Paleontological Society
Paleobiology 29(3):403-411. 2003
doi: 10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0403:AAMFPB>2.0.CO;2
An alternative method for predicting body mass: the case of the Pleistocene marsupial lion







aStephen Wroe, Frank Seebacher, and Mathew Crowther.
School of Biological Sciences AO8, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Sydney 2006, Australia. swroe@bio.usyd.edu.au
bTroy Myers. Marine Fossil Museum, Richmond, Queensland 4822, Australia
cBen Kear. South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
dAnna Gillespie. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
eSteve Salisbury. Palaeontology Section, Queensland Museum, Brisbane 4101, Queensland, Australia
Abstract
Accurate estimates of body mass in fossil taxa are fundamental to paleobiological reconstruction. Predictive equations derived from correlation with craniodental and body mass data in extant taxa are the most commonly used, but they can be unreliable for species whose morphology departs widely from that of living relatives. Estimates based on proximal limb-bone circumference data are more accurate but are inapplicable where postcranial remains are unknown. In this study we assess the efficacy of predicting body mass in Australian fossil marsupials by using an alternative correlate, endocranial volume. Body mass estimates for a species with highly unusual craniodental anatomy, the Pleistocene marsupial lion (Thylacoleo carnifex), fall within the range determined on the basis of proximal limb-bone circumference data, whereas estimates based on dental data are highly dubious. For all marsupial taxa considered, allometric relationships have small confidence intervals, and percent prediction errors are comparable to those of the best predictors using craniodental data. Although application is limited in some respects, this method may provide a useful means of estimating body mass for species with atypical craniodental or postcranial morphologies and taxa unrepresented by postcranial remains. A trend toward increased encephalization may constrain the method's predictive power with respect to many, but not all, placental clades.
Accepted: January 24, 2003
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Table 1. Results from linear regressions of log-transformed brain and body mass data, and allometric equations from nonlinear regressions for four Australian marsupial taxa. Correction for logarithmic transformation bias (SmE) and percent errors (PE) are shown for transformed data. 95% confidence intervals for the exponent, and coefficients of determination are shown for allometric equations. Where comparable, the range of percent errors for 29 regressions using craniodental data of Myers (2001) is also provided [R PE M (%)]
Table 2. Endocranial volume (ECV) and estimated brain (BrM) and body masses (BoM) for nine specimens of Thylacoleo carnifex. Body masses predicted from the equation for diprotodontians (3) and corrected for transformation bias by using the smearing estimate given in Table 1. Specimens are from widely separated localities in New South Wales (NSW), Queensland (Qld) and South Australia (SA)
Table 3. Minimum mid-shaft circumference data for proximal limb bones of Thylacoleo carnifex. f = minimum mid-shaft circumference of femur. h = minimum mid-shaft circumference of humerus. MBoM = Mean body mass calculated with the following formula: log10 BoM = −1.11 + 2.73 log10 Cf+h (Anderson et al. 1985). Correction for logarithmic transformation bias (SmE) (from Wroe et al. 1999 = 13.2)
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