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1 December 2014 GASTROLITHIASIS IN PREHENSILE-TAILED PORCUPINES (COENDOU PREHENSILIS): NINE CASES AND PATHOGENESIS OF STONE FORMATION
Maria Spriggs, Kimberly A. Thompson, Douglas Barton, John Talley, Kurt Volle, Iga Stasiak, Louise Beyea, Amanda Guthrie, Aldo Roda, Cecilia Camborata, Alan F. Hofmann, Lee R. Hagey
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Abstract

Gastrolithiasis was diagnosed in nine prehensile-tailed (PT) porcupines (Coendou prehensilis) housed at six zoologic institutions in the United States and Canada. Affected animals were either asymptomatic or had clinical signs, including weight loss, diarrhea, and depression. Abdominal palpation was adequate for diagnosis in all six antemortem cases, and radiographs confirmed a soft tissue density mass effect produced by the concretion. These gastroliths were all successfully surgically removed. Recurrence of gastrolith formation was common and occurred in four of the cases. Three cases were diagnosed postmortem, with the gastrolith causing gastric perforation in one case. Gastroliths from four cases were identified by mass spectrometry as bile acid precipitates consisting of the insoluble acid form of endogenous glycine-conjugated bile acids.

Copyright 2014 by American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
Maria Spriggs, Kimberly A. Thompson, Douglas Barton, John Talley, Kurt Volle, Iga Stasiak, Louise Beyea, Amanda Guthrie, Aldo Roda, Cecilia Camborata, Alan F. Hofmann, and Lee R. Hagey "GASTROLITHIASIS IN PREHENSILE-TAILED PORCUPINES (COENDOU PREHENSILIS): NINE CASES AND PATHOGENESIS OF STONE FORMATION," Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 45(4), 883-891, (1 December 2014). https://doi.org/10.1638/2013-0259.1
Received: 26 October 2013; Published: 1 December 2014
KEYWORDS
Bile acid
Coendou prehensilis
diet
gastrolith
porcupine
stomach
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