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1 March 2015 Two Coumarins with Safener Activity from Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii
Li-Feng Hu, Li-Feng Wang, Xiao-Mao Zhou, Kun Luo, Lian-Yang Bai
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii is often used as a traditional medicine in China. In our recent work, we found that the ethanol crude extract of Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii could reduce phytotoxicity of acetochlor on rice. The crude extract of Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii was isolated and purified by activity-guided fractionation. Two coumarins, isopimpinellin and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) were identified, and their bioactivity was tested in a growth chamber. The results showed that the two coumarins increased herbicide tolerance of rice shoots, and 5-MOP demonstrated better protection than isopimpinellin. The treatment of 5-MOP at 50 g ai ha−1 recovered the shoot height of rice from 42.6% (treated with acetochlor only) to 81.6% of the control treated without acetochlor, whereas the phytocidal activity of acetochlor on barnyardgrass was not impaired by 5-MOP. Further study suggested that 5-MOP increases herbicide tolerance of rice by enhancing the glutathione S-transferase level of activity in rice. Our findings suggest that isopimpinellin and 5-MOP have the potential to be applied as safeners for rice.

Nomenclature: Acetochlor, 2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)acetamide; isopimpinellin, 2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)acetamide; methoxypsoralen, 4-methoxyfuro[3,2-g]chromen-7-one; Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.; rice; Oryza sativa L.

Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii es comúnmente usado como una medicina tradicional en China. En nuestro reciente trabajo encontramos que el extracto crudo con ethanol de Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii pudo reducir la fitotoxicidad de acetochlor en arroz. El extracto crudo de Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii fue aislado y purificado por medio del fraccionamiento guiado por actividad. Dos coumarins, isopimpinellin y 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) fueron identificadas, y se evaluó su bioactividad en una cámara de crecimiento. Los resultados mostraron que estas dos coumarins aumentaron la tolerancia al herbicida de tejidos aéreos de arroz, y 5-MOP demostró una mejor protección que isopimpinellin. El tratamiento de 5-MOP a 50 g ai ha−1 recuperó la altura del arroz de 42.6% (tratado con sólo acetochlor) a 81.6% al compararse con el testigo tratado sin acetochlor, mientras que la actividad herbicida de acetochlor en Echinochloa crus-galli no fue afectada por 5-MOP. Estudios adicionales sugirieron que 5-MOP incrementa la tolerancia del arroz al herbicida al mejorar el nivel de actividad de glutathione-S-transferase en arroz. Nuestros descubrimientos sugieren que isopimpinellin y 5-MOP tienen el potencial de ser aplicados como antídotos en arroz.

Li-Feng Hu, Li-Feng Wang, Xiao-Mao Zhou, Kun Luo, and Lian-Yang Bai "Two Coumarins with Safener Activity from Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii," Weed Technology 29(1), 161-167, (1 March 2015). https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-14-00052.1
Received: 11 May 2014; Accepted: 1 October 2014; Published: 1 March 2015
KEYWORDS
5-methoxypsoralen
Acetochlor
Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii
safener
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