Weed Science

Published by: Weed Science Society of America

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Weed Science 54(4):690-694. 2006
doi: 10.1614/WS-05-160R.1

Effect of wheat genotype on the phenotype of wheat × jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) hybrids

Maqsood Rehmana, Jennifer L. Hansenb, Jack Brownb, William Priceb, Robert S. Zemetrab, and Carol A. Mallory-Smithc

aCorresponding author. Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843-2339;

bDepartment of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843-2339

cDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, 107 Crop Science Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3002

Abstract

Jointed goatgrass is a troublesome weed in winter wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Wheat and jointed goatgrass (JGG) can cross and produce hybrids in the field that can serve as a potential bridge for gene migration between the two species. To determine the potential for gene movement it is important to be able to identify hybrids in the field. To study the effect of wheat genotype on hybrid phenotype, reciprocal crosses were made between JGG and two common wheat cultivars: ‘Brundage 96’, ‘Hubbard’, a common-type advanced breeding line: ‘87–52814A’, and a club wheat cultivar: ‘Rhode’. Hybrids and parents were measured for plant height, spike length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, and number of spikelets. Reciprocal effects were nonsignificant for all characteristics measured, indicating that hybrid morphology was not affected by the direction of the cross. Hybrids were different from their wheat parents for spike length, plant height, and flag leaf width. Hybrids produced from each of the wheat parents were uniform in phenotypic characters. Spikes were intermediate in circumference (size) from crosses between JGG and common wheat lines; however, club wheat × JGG crosses resulted in spikes that were more similar to common wheat. Spike size and flag leaf width for all hybrids also were intermediate between their parents. Hybrids differed in spike size and awn characteristics because of unique characteristics of the wheat parent. Based on these results, it should be possible to identify hybrids in the field accurately, regardless of the wheat parent or direction of the cross unless the parent is a club wheat.

Nomenclature;Jointed goatgrass, Aegilops cylindrica Host., AEGCY; winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

Received: October 26, 2005; Accepted: March 29, 2006

Keywords: Gene flow, herbicide-resistant wheat, interspecific hybrids



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Figure 1. Phenotype of reciprocal hybrids of (A) jointed goatgrass (JGG) and awned wheat line, 87-52814A. (B) JGG and awned wheat, Hubbard. (C) JGG and awnless wheat line, Brundage 96. (D) JGG and club wheat, Rhode. Jgg, JGG; Bru, Brundage 96; Rho, Rhode; 87, 87-52814A; Hub, Hubbard.

table

Table 1.Height and spike characteristics of wheat lines used in wheat and JGG hybridization experiments.

table

Table 2.Mean squares from analysis of variance of height, spike length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, and number of spikelets for reciprocal crosses between jointed goatgrass and four wheat parents.

table

Table 3.Mean plant height, spike length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, and number of spikelets of the reciprocal crosses between jointed goatgrass (JGG) and three wheat cultivars and one ad vanced breeding line.

Jiffy-7, Jiffy products (N.B.) Ltd., P.O. Box 2004, Shippagan, New Brunswick E8S 3H1, Canada.

Environmental Growth Chambers, P.O. Box 390, 510 East Washington Street, Chagrin Falls, OH 44022-0390.

SunGro Horticulture, 15831 N.E. 8th Street, Suite 100 Bellevue, WA 98008.

Cited by

Harish T. Gandhi, Carol A. Mallory-Smith, Christy J. W. Watson, M. Isabel Vales, Robert S. Zemetra, Oscar Riera-Lizarazu. (2006) Hybridization between wheat and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) under field conditions. Weed Science 54:6, 1073-1079
Online publication date: 1-Nov-2006.

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