A new species of milkweed vine from Texas, Matelea hirtelliflora (Apocynaceae), is described and illustrated. This species is similar to congeners in the southeastern United States, but is distinguished by hirtellous corollas with shorter petals than its presumed closest relatives and by corona lobes with fleshy segments, each with two triangular projections. The species is illustrated and compared to similar species of eastern Texas and the eastern United States. A key is provided for the species of Matelea in eastern Texas and extreme southeastern Oklahoma, and a distribution map is provided for the new species.